Pharmacological mechanisms of the water leaves extract of Lysiphyllum strychnifolium for its anti-inflammatory and anti-hyperuricemic actions for gout treatment

Vilasinee Hirunpanich Sato; Savita Chewchinda; Narawat Nuamnaichati; Supachoke Mangmool; Bunleu Sungthong; Pilanthana Lertsatitthanakorn; Shinako Ohta; Hitoshi Sato

Articles

Abstract

Pharmacognosy Magazine ,2019,15,60,98-106.

DOI:10.4103/pm.pm_14_18

Published:January 2019

Type:Original Article

Authors:

Author(s) affiliations:

Vilasinee Hirunpanich Sato¹, Savita Chewchinda², Narawat Nuamnaichati¹, Supachoke Mangmool¹, Bunleu Sungthong³, Pilanthana Lertsatitthanakorn⁴, Shinako Ohta⁵, Hitoshi Sato⁶
¹Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
²Department of Food Chemical, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
³Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Natural Products Research Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham, Bangkok, Thailand
⁴Department of Thai Traditional Medicine, Faculty of Science and Technology, Bansomdejchaopraya Rajabhat University, Bangkok, Thailand
⁵Department of Hospital Pharmaceutics, Showa University, School of Pharmacy, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
⁶Department of Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics, Showa University, School of Pharmacy, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan

Abstract:

Background: There have been anecdotal reports from Thai hyperuricemic patients that the leaves of Lysiphyllum strychnifolium could reduce plasma uric acid level and relieve inflammation of gout. However, no research to support these effects has been conducted. Objectives: This study was aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and hypouricemic effects of L. strychnifolium leaves extract and to investigate the pharmacological mechanisms of these effects. Materials and Methods: The anti-inflammatory effect of L. strychnifolium was evaluated in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Effects of L. strychnifolium on xanthine oxidase (XO) were examined in vitro and in vivo using potassium oxonate (PO)-induced hyperuricemic mice. In addition, the antioxidant activity of L. strychnifolium was determined. Results: L. strychnifolium significantly reduced the mRNA expression of cyclooxygenase-II, inducible nitric oxide synthase, transforming growth factor-β, and tumor necrosis factor-α in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells (P < 0.05). It exhibited a noncompetitive inhibition of XO activity with IC50and K i of 231 μg/ml and 177 μg/ml, respectively. Oral administration of L. strychnifolium (100 and 200 mg/kg) significantly lowered the plasma uric concentration (P < 0.05) in PO-induced hyperuricemic mice and inhibited 56.9% and 66.3% of the hepatic XO activity, respectively, compared to control hyperuricemic mice (P < 0.05). L. strychnifolium did not significantly decrease the protein expression of solute carrier family 22 member 12 in the renal cortex. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were determined to be 197.8 ± 5.8 mg gallic acid equivalence/g extract and 32.2 ± 1.2 mg quercetin equivalent/g extract, respectively. The IC50of the inhibition of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical was 44.32 μg/ml. Conclusion: The present study first provided scientific evidence for the anti-inflammatory, anti-hyperuricemic and antioxidant effects of L. strychnifolium leaves extract in vitro and in vivo, suggesting the possibility of this plant to treat gout.