Gastroprotective effect of formononetin against ethanol-induced gastric ulceration in rats via augmentation of cytoprotective markers and curtailing apoptotic gene expression

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Abstract
Pharmacognosy Magazine,2018,14,59s,s605-s612.
Published:January 2019
Type:Original Article
Authors:
Author(s) affiliations:

Alauddin1, Swati Chaturvedi2, Lubna Azmi3, Ila Shukla3, Zaiba Naseem4, Chandana Venkateswara Rao3, Naresh Kumar Agarwal5
1 Department of Zoology, HNB Garhwal Central University, Campus Badshahithaul Tehri Garhwal, Uttarakhand; Division of Pharmacognosy and Ethnopharmacology, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, India
2 Department of Pharmaceutics, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University; Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, CSIR Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
3 Division of Pharmacognosy and Ethnopharmacology, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
4 Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
5 Department of Zoology, HNB Garhwal Central University, Campus Badshahithaul Tehri Garhwal, Uttarakhand, India

Abstract:

Background: Formononetin (FMN), one of the major isoflavones in red clover, has been shown to possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, neuroprotective, and cytoprotective activities. However, there is no report on the gastroprotective effect of FMN against ethanol-induced gastric ulcer. Objective: Excessive alcohol consumption can lead to gastric ulcer, and the purpose of the present study was to examine the protective effect of FMN on mucosal lesions induced by ethanol. Materials and Methods: Fasted rats were orally administered with FMN at different doses, omeprazole (20 mg/kg), followed by intragastrical ingestion of ethanol (5 ml/kg) after 1 h and sacrificed after 1 h of exposure. Gross microscopic, macroscopic, and biochemical assays were scrutinized. Results: Compared with ethanol, FMN pretreatment showed a significant increase in the gastric levels of glutathione while decreased the malondialdehyde content remarkably. FMN pretreatment also bestowed the cytoprotective efficacy against ethanol-induced ulceration by reestablishing the decreased level of nitrite (NO). Furthermore, in histopathological sections, reduced pathological changes of gastric lesions were markedly observed in the FMN-pretreated groups compared with those in the ethanol group. Western blot analysis showed upregulation of BcL2 while downregulation of Bax in FMN-pretreated gastric tissue of rats. Conclusion: These results indicate that FMN exerts gastroprotective effects through the antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic that are probably mediated by enhanced NO release, suggesting its therapeutic use to treat gastric ulceration by preserving mucosal glycoproteins and diminishing oxidative stress.

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