Attenuation of nonenzymatic glycation, hyperglycemia, and hyperlipidemia in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats by chloroform leaf extract of Azadirachta indica

Rosa Martha Perez Gutierrez; Yolanda Gómez Y Gómez; Mónica Damián Guzman

Articles

Abstract

Pharmacognosy Magazine,2011,7,27,254-259.

DOI:10.4103/0973-1296.84243

Published:August 2011

Type:Original Article

Authors:

Author(s) affiliations:

Rosa Martha Pérez Gutierrez¹, Yolanda Gómez Y Gómez², Mónica Damián Guzman³
¹Department of Organic Chemistry, Laboratorio de Investigación de Productos Naturales, Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Química e Industrias extractivas IPN, Av Instituto Politécnico Nacional S/N, 07758, México D.F.
²Laboratorio de Farmacología, Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Biotecnología, Av. Acueducto S/N, 0740, México D.F.
³Departamento de Tecnología de alimentos, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, IPN, Carpio/Plan de Ayala S/N. Casco Santo Tomas, México D.F.

Abstract:

Background: The hypoglycemic effects of hexane, chloroform and methanol extracts of leaves of Azadirachta indica (AI) were evaluated by oral administration in streptozotocin-induced severe diabetic rats (SD). Materials and Methods: The effect of chronic oral administration of the extract for 28 days was evaluated in streptozotozin diabetic rats. Lipid peroxidation, glycogen content of liver and skeletal muscles, insulin, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutathione (GSSG) levels were determined. In addition, advanced glycation end product formation (AGEs) was evaluated. Results: The most active extracts were obtained with chloroform. Chloroform extract from AI shows increased levels of SOD, GSH, GSSG and CAT, hepatic glycogen content, glucose-6-phosphatase and insulin plasma levels, which also decreased the glucokinase (GK), lipid peroxidation and insulin resistance. The chloroform extract exhibited significant inhibitory activity against advanced glycation end product formation with an IC₅₀ average range of 79.1 mg/ml. Conclusion: Azadirachta indica can improve hyperlipidemia and hyperinsulinema in streptozocin-induced diabetic rats and, therefore, AI can be potentially considered to be an antidiabetic-safe agent.