Effect of aging and geographical variations in the content of guggulsterones and metabolomic profiling of oleogum resins of commiphora wightii: The Indian bdellium

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Abstract
Pharmacognosy Magazine,2021,17,76,774-779.
Published:January 2021
Type:Original Article
Authors:
Author(s) affiliations:

Rajesh Kumar Verma1, Mohammad Ibrahim2, Avi Fursule3, Ranjan Mitra3, Jatavallabhula Lakshmi Narayana Sastry4, Sayeed Ahmad2
1 Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi; Dabur Research and Development Centre, Dabur India Limited, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
2 Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
3 Dabur Research and Development Centre, Dabur India Limited, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
4 National Medicinal Plant Board, New Delhi, India

Abstract:

Background: The oleo-gum resin of Commiphora wightii has been utilized for centuries in Ayurvedic medicine for the treatment of various diseases. Ruthless exploitation of this species with negligible conservation efforts has led to its inclusion in the International Union for Conservation of Nature assemblage of endangered plant species. Objectives: In this paper, the impact of plant aging and geographical variations of guggulsterone (GS) content in oleo-gum resin collected from different geographical regions of India has been examined. Materials and Methods: The oleo-gum resin samples of different age groups and geographical regions of India (Kutch, Morena, Jodhpur, Jaipur, and Pakistan border of Kutch) were collected directly from the site and examined to check the concentration of GS-E and Z by high-performance liquid chromatography. Comprehensive metabolomic profiling of samples was done through liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. Results: The data showed that there is no significant variation was found in the concentration of GS-E and Z with the change in the age of C. wightti plant. The oleo-gum resin samples of Morena showed a high percentage range of GSs (0.88%–2.17% w/w), whereas Jaipur samples showed a lower percentage of GSs (0.56%–0.89% w/w). From metabolomics profiling, 11 high-intensity metabolites were identified in samples of all major regions of India. Conclusion: This study indicates that there is no impact of plant aging on the GS contents. The Indian regions such as Morena, Kutch, and Pakistan border near Kutch regions can be used as a potential source for mass multiplication of guggul plants to get the good quality of the oleo-gum resin.

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Thin‑layer chromatography fingerprinting profile of oleo‑gum resin samples of Kutch (1, 2, 3), Pakistan border near Kutch (4,5,6), Morena (7,8,9), Jaipur (10,11,12), and Jodhpur (13, 14, 15) at visible light after spraying with 0.05% methanolic solution of α, α‑diphenyl‑β‑picrylhydrazyl
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