Investigation of antihyperglycaemic activity of banana (Musa sp. Var. Nanjangud rasa bale) flower in normal and diabetic rats

Ramith Ramu; Prithvi S Shirahatti; SP Dhanabal; Farhan Zameer; BL Dhananjaya; MN Nagendra Prasad

Articles

Abstract

Pharmacognosy Magazine,2015,13,51s,s417-s423.

DOI:10.4103/0973-1296.216331

Published:October 2017

Type:Original Article

Authors:

Author(s) affiliations:

Ramith Ramu¹, Prithvi S Shirahatti¹, SP Dhanabal², Farhan Zameer³, BL Dhananjaya⁴, MN Nagendra Prasad⁵
¹Department of Biotechnology, Sri Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara College of Post Graduate Centre, Ujire, Dakshina Kannada, Karnataka, India
²Department of Pharmacognosy & Phytopharmacy, JSS College of Pharmacy, “Rocklands” Post Box No.20, Udhagamandalam, Tamil Nadu, India
³Department of Studies in Biotechnology, Microbiology and Biochemistry, Mahajana Life Science Research Centre, Pooja Bhagavat Memorial Mahajana PG Centre, Mysore, Karnataka, India
⁴Toxinology/Toxicology and Drug Discovery Unit, Centre for Emerging Technologies, Jain Global Campus, Jain University, Kanakapura Taluk, Ramanagara, Karnataka, India
⁵Department of Biotechnology, Sri Jayachamarajendra College of Engineering, JSS Institution Camp, Manasagangothri, Mysore, Karnataka, India

Abstract:

Background: The vital enzymes of starch digestion and absorption are intestinal α-glucosidases and their inhibition improves postprandial hyperglycaemia, constituting an effective mode of therapy in diabetes. Objectives: The present study was designed to assess the inhibitory potential of ethanol extract of banana flower (EF) on mammalian α-glucosidases and its pharmacological effects on postprandial hyperglycaemia in normal and alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: EF was evaluated for its inhibitory potential and mode of inhibition on mammalian α-glucosidases. Further, the role of EF and its constituents Umbelliferone (C1) and Lupeol (C2) on glucose uptake using isolated rat hemi-diaphragm and insulinotropic activity using RINm5F (rat insulinoma) cell lines were determined. The phytocomponents in EF were also evaluated using GC-MS. Results: EF illustrated a dose-dependent inhibition for rat intestinal sucrase, maltase and p-nitrophenyl-α-D-glucopyranoside (pNPG) hydrolysis (IC₅₀ values: 18.76±0.22, 25.54±0.10 and 76.42±1.12 μg/ml, respectively) and the mode of inhibition was non-competitive with low Ki values. Oral administration (100-200 mg/kg b.wt.) of EF significantly improved the maltose/glucose-induced postprandial hyperglycaemia in normal and alloxan-induced diabetic rats. EF, C1 and C2 exhibited stimulation of glucose uptake and a dose-dependent glucose-induced insulin secretion at both 4.5 and 16.7 mM glucose concentrations. Further, GC-MS analysis revealed significant levels of steroids (25.61%), diazoprogesterone (21.31%), sesquiterpene (11.78%) and other phytocomponents. Conclusion: EF inhibited α-glucosidases besides promoting glucose uptake and insulin secretion, resulting in antihyperglycaemic effect determining EF as a potent anti-diabetic agent.